Merge pull request 'Bewertungssystem' (#36) from Bewertungssystem into dev

Reviewed-on: #36

README.md

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 - Die Suchseite und Kategorieseite packen momentan alle passenden Beiträge untereinander. Später sollen zunächst 10 
   Ergebnisse auf einer Seite angezeigt werden.
 - Wenn ein Bild aus einem Beitrag entfernt wird, dann wird noch nicht die Datei im Pfad /uploads gelöscht.
+- id in showArticle-controller.php und updateArticle-controller.php wird nicht als gültige numerische ID geprüft. 
+- sort in search-results-controller.php wird nicht gegen erlaubte Werte validiert.
 
 ## Besonderheiten des Projektes
 - Es wurde ein einfacher Beitrags-Editor erstellt. Mit diesem können Beiträge erstellt oder bearbeitet werden.

content/createArticle.php

@@ -51,45 +51,211 @@ if (!isset($_SESSION["user"])) {
         <div class="sidebar-block">
             <label for="category">Kategorie <span class="required">*</span></label>
             <select id="category" name="category" required>
-                <option value="" disabled selected>Kategorie wählen...</option>
+                <option disabled <?php
+                if ((!isset($_SESSION['old_category']) || empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) && (!isset($category) || empty($category))) {
+                    echo 'selected';
+                }
+                ?>>Kategorie wählen...</option>
 
                 <optgroup label="Sprachen">
-                    <option value="deutsch">Deutsch</option>
+                    <option value="deutsch" <?php
-                    <option value="englisch">Englisch</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="franzoesisch">Französisch</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'deutsch') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="latein">Latein</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="literatur">Literatur</option>
+                        if ($category === 'deutsch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Deutsch</option>
+                    <option value="englisch" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'englisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'englisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Englisch</option>
+                    <option value="franzoesisch" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'franzoesisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'franzoesisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Französisch</option>
+                    <option value="latein" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'latein') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'latein') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Latein</option>
+                    <option value="literatur" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'literatur') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'literatur') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Literatur</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="MINT">
-                    <option value="mathe">Mathematik</option>
+                    <option value="mathe" <?php
-                    <option value="biologie">Biologie</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="chemie">Chemie</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'mathe') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="physik">Physik</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="informatik">Informatik</option>
+                        if ($category === 'mathe') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="astronomie">Astronomie</option>
+                    }
+                    ?>>Mathematik</option>
+                    <option value="biologie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'biologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'biologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Biologie</option>
+                    <option value="chemie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'chemie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'chemie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Chemie</option>
+                    <option value="physik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'physik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'physik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Physik</option>
+                    <option value="informatik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'informatik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'informatik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Informatik</option>
+                    <option value="astronomie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'astronomie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'astronomie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Astronomie</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="Gesellschaft & Werte">
-                    <option value="geschichte">Geschichte</option>
+                    <option value="geschichte" <?php
-                    <option value="erdkunde">Erdkunde</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="sozialkunde">Sozialkunde</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'geschichte') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="wirtschaft">Wirtschaftskunde</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="religion">Religion</option>
+                        if ($category === 'geschichte') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="ethik">Ethikunterricht</option>
+                    }
-                    <option value="philosophie">Philosophie</option>
+                    ?>>Geschichte</option>
-                    <option value="psychologie">Psychologie</option>
+                    <option value="erdkunde" <?php
-                    <option value="kunst">Kunst</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="musik">Musik</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'erdkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="theater">Theater</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'erdkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Erdkunde</option>
+                    <option value="sozialkunde" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'sozialkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'sozialkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Sozialkunde</option>
+                    <option value="wirtschaft" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'wirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'wirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Wirtschaftskunde</option>
+                    <option value="religion" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'religion') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'religion') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Religion</option>
+                    <option value="ethik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'ethik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'ethik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Ethikunterricht</option>
+                    <option value="philosophie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'philosophie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'philosophie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Philosophie</option>
+                    <option value="psychologie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'psychologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'psychologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Psychologie</option>
+                    <option value="kunst" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'kunst') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'kunst') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Kunst</option>
+                    <option value="musik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'musik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'musik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Musik</option>
+                    <option value="theater" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'theater') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'theater') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Theater</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="Technik & Praxis">
-                    <option value="technik">Technik</option>
+                    <option value="technik" <?php
-                    <option value="werken">Werken</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="hauswirtschaft">Hauswirtschaft</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'technik') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="sport">Sport</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'technik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Technik</option>
+                    <option value="werken" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'werken') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'werken') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Werken</option>
+                    <option value="hauswirtschaft" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'hauswirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'hauswirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Hauswirtschaft</option>
+                    <option value="sport" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'sport') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'sport') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Sport</option>
                 </optgroup>
+
+                <?php
+                if (isset($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                    unset($_SESSION['old_category']);
+                }
+                ?>
             </select>
         </div>
 

content/home.php

@@ -19,28 +19,34 @@ include_once 'php/controller/home-controller.php';
         sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
     </p>
 
-    <!-- Flexbox -->
+    <!-- Flexbox für aktive Kategorien -->
-     <div class="flexbox">
+    <div class="flexbox">
-        <div class="container">
+        <?php
-            <a href="index.php?pfad=showCategory&category=informatik" class="category-link">Informatik</a>
+        if (!empty($categoriesWithArticles) && is_array($categoriesWithArticles)):
-            <div class="article-link">
+            foreach ($categoriesWithArticles as $category):
-                <a href="index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=<?php echo $dummy3->getId()?>"><?php if(isset($dummy3)){echo $dummy3->getTitle();}else{echo "Fehler: Beitrag nicht gefunden!";} ?></a>
+                ?>
-            </div>
+                <div class="container">
-        </div>
+                    <a href="index.php?pfad=showCategory&category=<?php echo htmlspecialchars($category['slug']); ?>" class="category-link">
+                        <?php echo htmlspecialchars($category['name']); ?>
+                    </a>
 
-        <div class="container">
+                    <!-- die 5 neuesten Beiträge der Kategorie -->
-            <a href="index.php?pfad=showCategory&category=mathe" class="category-link">Mathe</a>
+                    <div class="article-links-wrapper">
-            <div class="article-link">
+                        <?php foreach ($category['articles'] as $article): ?>
-                <a href="index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=<?php echo $dummy1->getId()?>"><?php if(isset($dummy1)){echo $dummy1->getTitle();}else{echo "Fehler: Beitrag nicht gefunden!";} ?></a>
+                            <div class="article-link">
-            </div>
+                                <a href="index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=<?php echo htmlspecialchars($article->getId()); ?>">
-        </div>
+                                    <?php echo htmlspecialchars($article->getTitle()); ?>
-        
+                                </a>
-        <div class="container">
+                            </div>
-            <a href="index.php?pfad=showCategory&category=physik" class="category-link">Physik</a>
+                        <?php endforeach; ?>
-            <div class="article-link">
+                    </div>
-                <a href="index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=<?php echo $dummy2->getId()?>"><?php if(isset($dummy2)){echo $dummy2->getTitle();}else{echo "Fehler: Beitrag nicht gefunden!";} ?></a>
+                </div>
-            </div>
+            <?php
-        </div>
+            endforeach;
+        else:
+            ?>
+            <p>Aktuell sind keine Beiträge in den Kategorien vorhanden.</p>
+        <?php endif; ?>
     </div>
 
 </main>

content/profile.php

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ $isEditMode = (isset($_GET["edit"]) && $_GET["edit"] === "1") || !empty($error);
 
 <main class="form-page">
     <div class="flexbox">
-
         <div class="container">
+            <?php include_once "includes/alertMessages.php" ?>
 
             <?php if (!empty($error)): ?>
                 <p class="alert-message is-error">
@@ -93,8 +93,6 @@ $isEditMode = (isset($_GET["edit"]) && $_GET["edit"] === "1") || !empty($error);
 
         <div class="container">
 
-            <?php include_once "includes/alertMessages.php"?>
-
             <h2 class="section-title">Meine Beiträge</h2>
 
             <div class="articles-list">
@@ -157,7 +155,9 @@ $isEditMode = (isset($_GET["edit"]) && $_GET["edit"] === "1") || !empty($error);
                             </a>
 
                             <form action="php/controller/deleteArticle-controller.php" method="POST">
-                                <input type="hidden" name="id" value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($userArticle->getID()); ?>">
+                                <input type="hidden"
+                                       name="id"
+                                       value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($userArticle->getID()); ?>">
 
                                 <button type="submit"
                                         class="button"
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ $isEditMode = (isset($_GET["edit"]) && $_GET["edit"] === "1") || !empty($error);
                                     Löschen
                                 </button>
                             </form>
-
                         </div>
                     <?php endforeach; ?>
 
@@ -180,10 +179,54 @@ $isEditMode = (isset($_GET["edit"]) && $_GET["edit"] === "1") || !empty($error);
                     </button>
 
                 <?php endif; ?>
-
-                <?php unset($_SESSION["message"]); ?>
             </div>
         </div>
 
+        <div class="container">
+            <div class="comments-section">
+
+                <h2 class="section-title">Meine Kommentare</h2>
+
+                <!-- Liste aller Kommentare des Nutzers -->
+                <div class="comments-list">
+
+                    <?php if (isset($userComments) && count($userComments) > 0): ?>
+
+                        <?php foreach ($userComments as $comment): ?>
+                            <div class="article-item">
+
+                                <!-- Erstellungsdatum des Kommentars -->
+                                <div class="article-meta">
+                        <span class="article-date">
+                            <?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getCreated()); ?>
+                        </span>
+                                </div>
+
+                                <!-- Inhalt des Kommentars -->
+                                <p>
+                                    <?php echo nl2br(htmlspecialchars($comment->getContent())); ?>
+                                </p>
+
+                                <!-- Link zum Beitrag, unter dem der Kommentar geschrieben wurde -->
+                                <a href="index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=<?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getArticleId()); ?>"
+                                   class="edit-link-button">
+                                    Zum Beitrag
+                                </a>
+
+                            </div>
+                        <?php endforeach; ?>
+
+                    <?php else: ?>
+
+                        <p>Du hast noch keine Kommentare geschrieben.</p>
+
+                    <?php endif; ?>
+
+                </div>
+
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        <?php unset($_SESSION["message"]); ?>
     </div>
+
 </main>

content/search-results.php

@@ -3,18 +3,37 @@ if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
     session_start();
 }
 
-$results = $_SESSION["search_results"] ?? [];
+$all_results = $_SESSION["search_results"] ?? [];
 $query = $_SESSION["search_query"] ?? "";
+$totalResultsCount = count($all_results);
 
 $limit = isset($_GET['limit']) ? (int)$_GET['limit'] : 10;
 if (!in_array($limit, [10, 20, 50, 100])) {
     $limit = 10;
 }
-$results = array_slice($results, 0, $limit);
 
+// Gesamtseitenzahl
+$totalPages = max(1, ceil($totalResultsCount / $limit));
+
+// Aktuelle Seite auslesen und validieren
+$currentPage = isset($_GET['page']) ? (int)$_GET['page'] : 1;
+if ($currentPage < 1) {
+    $currentPage = 1;
+} elseif ($currentPage > $totalPages) {
+    $currentPage = $totalPages;
+}
+
+// Startpunkt im Array berechnen (Offset)
+$offset = ($currentPage - 1) * $limit;
+
+// Nur die Ergebnisse für die aktuelle Seite ausschneiden
+$results = array_slice($all_results, $offset, $limit);
 $resultCount = count($results);
 
 ?>
+<noscript>
+    Bitte JavaScript aktivieren!
+</noscript>
 <!--
     Seite: Suchergebnisse
     Inhalt: Zeigt die Ergebnisse einer Suche an
@@ -27,8 +46,10 @@ $resultCount = count($results);
 
         <!-- Sortierfuntion Box und Such Box-->
          <form id="search-form-id" action="php/controller/search-results-controller.php" method="GET" class="s-res-sidebar-form">
+             <!-- Dieses Feld hält die aktuelle Seitenzahl für den Submit bereit -->
+             <input type="hidden" name="page" id="s-res-page-input" value="<?php echo $currentPage; ?>">
 
-            <div class="s-res-sidebar-box">
+             <div class="s-res-sidebar-box">
                 <h3 class="s-res-sidebar-title">Suche anpassen</h3>
                 <input type="search" id="site-search" name="q" placeholder="Suchen..." class="nav__search" value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($query); ?>" maxlength="50" required>
                 <button type="submit" class="nav__search-button">Suchen</button>
@@ -44,8 +65,8 @@ $resultCount = count($results);
                     </label>
                     <!-- Noch disabled, da likes noch nicht implementiert-->
                     <label class="s-res-filter-option">
-                        <input type="radio" name="sort" value="likes" <?php echo $currentSort === 'likes' ? 'checked' : ''; ?> disabled>
+                        <input type="radio" name="sort" value="likes" <?php echo $currentSort === 'likes' ? 'checked' : ''; ?> onchange="this.form.submit()">
-                        <span style="color: #94a3b8;">Beliebtheit (Likes)</span>
+                        <span>Beliebtheit (Likes)</span>
                     </label>
                     <label class="s-res-filter-option">
                         <input type="radio" name="sort" value="newest" <?php echo $currentSort === 'newest' ? 'checked' : ''; ?> onchange="this.form.submit()">
@@ -66,7 +87,7 @@ $resultCount = count($results);
 
         <div class="s-res-header">
             <h1 class="s-res-main-title">Suchergebnisse</h1>
-            <p class="s-res-meta"><?php echo $resultCount; ?> Treffer für Ihre Suchanfrage "<?php echo htmlspecialchars($query); ?>"</p>
+            <p class="s-res-meta"><?php echo $totalResultsCount; ?> Treffer für Ihre Suchanfrage "<?php echo htmlspecialchars($query); ?>"</p>
         </div>
 
         <!-- Ergebnisliste -->
@@ -82,7 +103,14 @@ $resultCount = count($results);
                                     <?php echo htmlspecialchars($item['title']); ?>
                                 </a>
                             </h2>
-                            <p class="s-res-author">Von: <span class="s-res-author-name"><?php echo htmlspecialchars($item['author']); ?></span></p>
+                            <div class="s-res-meta-row">
+                                <p class="s-res-author">Von: <span class="s-res-author-name"><?php echo htmlspecialchars($item['author']); ?></span></p>
+
+                                <span class="s-res-likes">
+                                    ❤️ <?php echo isset($item['likes']) && is_array($item['likes']) ? count($item['likes']) : 0; ?>
+                                </span>
+                            </div>
+
                         </div>
                         <div class="s-res-arrow">&rarr;</div>
                     </div>
@@ -115,9 +143,20 @@ $resultCount = count($results);
             </div>
 
             <div class="s-res-page-navigation">
-                <button type="button" class="s-res-page-btn" disabled>&laquo;</button>
+                <button type="button" class="s-res-page-btn" data-page="<?php echo $currentPage - 1; ?>" <?php echo $currentPage <= 1 ? 'disabled' : ''; ?>>
-                <button type="button" class="s-res-page-btn s-res-page-btn-active">1</button>
+                    «
-                <button type="button" class="s-res-page-btn">&raquo;</button>
+                </button>
+                <!-- Dynamische Seitenzahlen -->
+                <?php for ($i = 1; $i <= $totalPages; $i++): ?>
+                    <button type="button"
+                            class="s-res-page-btn <?php echo $i === $currentPage ? 's-res-page-btn-active' : ''; ?>"
+                            data-page="<?php echo $i; ?>">
+                        <?php echo $i; ?>
+                    </button>
+                <?php endfor; ?>
+                <button type="button" class="s-res-page-btn" data-page="<?php echo $currentPage + 1; ?>" <?php echo $currentPage >= $totalPages ? 'disabled' : ''; ?>>
+                    »
+                </button>
             </div>
 
         </div>

content/showArticle.php

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 <?php
+$comments = [];
+$mainComments = [];
+$repliesByParent = [];
+$articleObj = null;
+
 include_once 'php/controller/showArticle-controller.php';
 ?>
 <!--
-    Seite: Anzeige für Beiträge
+     Seite: Anzeige für Beiträge
-    Funktion: Stellt einen übergebenen Beitrag dar.
+     Funktion: Stellt einen übergebenen Beitrag dar.
--->
+ -->
-
 <!-- Hauptcontainer für die Beitragsansicht (Ausschließlich der Content-Bereich) -->
 <main class="article-view-container">
     <?php include_once "includes/alertMessages.php"?>
@@ -13,9 +17,29 @@ include_once 'php/controller/showArticle-controller.php';
     <!-- Metadaten & Titel -->
     <div class="article-view-top-section">
 
-        <?php if (isset($category) && !empty($category)): ?>
+        <div class="article-view-top-section">
-            <span class="article-view-category"><?php echo htmlspecialchars($category); ?></span>
+
-        <?php endif; ?>
+            <div class="category-and-likes-row">
+                <?php if (isset($category) && !empty($category)): ?>
+                    <span class="article-view-category"><?php echo htmlspecialchars($category); ?></span>
+                <?php endif; ?>
+
+                <!-- Like-Anzeige und dynamischer Like-Button  -->
+                <?php if (isset($articleObj) && $articleObj !== null): ?>
+                    <div class="article-view-likes">
+                        <span>❤️ <span class="like-count"><?php echo $articleObj->getLikeCount(); ?></span></span>
+
+                        <?php if (isset($_SESSION["user_email"])): ?>
+                            <a href="php/controller/like-controller.php?id=<?php echo $articleObj->getId(); ?>" class="like-toggle-btn">
+                                <?php echo $articleObj->hasLiked($_SESSION["user_email"]) ? '👎 Gefällt mir nicht mehr' : '👍 Gefällt mir'; ?>
+                            </a>
+                        <?php else: ?>
+                            <span class="login-hint">(Anmelden zum Liken)</span>
+                        <?php endif; ?>
+                    </div>
+                <?php endif; ?>
+            </div>
+
         <h1 class="article-view-title">
             <?php if (isset($title)) { echo htmlspecialchars($title); } ?>
         </h1>
@@ -82,5 +106,79 @@ include_once 'php/controller/showArticle-controller.php';
         </div>
     <?php endif; ?>
 
-</main>
+    <section class="article-comments-section">
+        <h2>Kommentare</h2>
 
+        <div id="comments-list">
+            <?php if (!empty($mainComments)): ?>
+                <?php foreach ($mainComments as $comment): ?>
+                    <div class="comment-item" data-comment-id="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getId()); ?>">
+                        <p>
+                            <strong><?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getAuthor()); ?></strong>
+                            <span><?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getCreated()); ?></span>
+                        </p>
+
+                        <p><?php echo nl2br(htmlspecialchars($comment->getContent())); ?></p>
+
+                        <?php if (isset($_SESSION["user_email"])): ?>
+                            <button type="button"
+                                    class="reply-button"
+                                    data-comment-id="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getId()); ?>"
+                                    data-author="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($comment->getAuthor()); ?>">
+                                Antworten
+                            </button>
+                        <?php endif; ?>
+
+                        <div class="comment-replies">
+                            <?php if (isset($repliesByParent[$comment->getId()])): ?>
+                                <?php foreach ($repliesByParent[$comment->getId()] as $reply): ?>
+                                    <div class="comment-item comment-reply">
+                                        <p>
+                                            <strong><?php echo htmlspecialchars($reply->getAuthor()); ?></strong>
+                                            <span><?php echo htmlspecialchars($reply->getCreated()); ?></span>
+                                        </p>
+
+                                        <p><?php echo nl2br(htmlspecialchars($reply->getContent())); ?></p>
+                                    </div>
+                                <?php endforeach; ?>
+                            <?php endif; ?>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                <?php endforeach; ?>
+            <?php else: ?>
+                <p class="no-comments-message">
+                    Noch keine Kommentare vorhanden.
+                </p>
+            <?php endif; ?>
+        </div>
+
+        <?php if (isset($_SESSION["user_email"])): ?>
+            <form id="comment-form">
+                <input type="hidden"
+                       name="article_id"
+                       value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_GET["id"] ?? ""); ?>">
+
+                <input type="hidden"
+                       name="parent_comment_id"
+                       id="parent-comment-id"
+                       value="">
+
+                <p id="reply-info" class="reply-info" style="display: none;"></p>
+
+                <textarea name="content"
+                          id="comment-content"
+                          placeholder="Schreibe einen Kommentar..."
+                          required></textarea>
+
+                <button type="submit" class="button">
+                    Kommentar senden
+                </button>
+            </form>
+        <?php else: ?>
+            <div class="comment-login-hint">
+                <p>Melde dich an, um einen Kommentar zu schreiben.</p>
+                <a href="index.php?pfad=login" class="button">Jetzt anmelden</a>
+            </div>
+        <?php endif; ?>
+    </section>
+</main>

content/updateArticle.php

@@ -65,45 +65,211 @@ include_once 'php/controller/showArticle-controller.php';
         <div class="sidebar-block">
             <label for="category">Kategorie <span class="required">*</span></label>
             <select id="category" name="category" required>
-                <option disabled selected>Kategorie wählen...</option>
+                <option disabled <?php
+                if ((!isset($_SESSION['old_category']) || empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) && (!isset($category) || empty($category))) {
+                    echo 'selected';
+                }
+                ?>>Kategorie wählen...</option>
 
                 <optgroup label="Sprachen">
-                    <option value="deutsch">Deutsch</option>
+                    <option value="deutsch" <?php
-                    <option value="englisch">Englisch</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="franzoesisch">Französisch</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'deutsch') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="latein">Latein</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="literatur">Literatur</option>
+                        if ($category === 'deutsch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Deutsch</option>
+                    <option value="englisch" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'englisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'englisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Englisch</option>
+                    <option value="franzoesisch" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'franzoesisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'franzoesisch') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Französisch</option>
+                    <option value="latein" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'latein') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'latein') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Latein</option>
+                    <option value="literatur" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'literatur') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'literatur') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Literatur</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="MINT">
-                    <option value="mathe">Mathematik</option>
+                    <option value="mathe" <?php
-                    <option value="biologie">Biologie</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="chemie">Chemie</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'mathe') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="physik">Physik</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="informatik">Informatik</option>
+                        if ($category === 'mathe') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="astronomie">Astronomie</option>
+                    }
+                    ?>>Mathematik</option>
+                    <option value="biologie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'biologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'biologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Biologie</option>
+                    <option value="chemie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'chemie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'chemie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Chemie</option>
+                    <option value="physik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'physik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'physik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Physik</option>
+                    <option value="informatik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'informatik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'informatik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Informatik</option>
+                    <option value="astronomie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'astronomie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'astronomie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Astronomie</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="Gesellschaft & Werte">
-                    <option value="geschichte">Geschichte</option>
+                    <option value="geschichte" <?php
-                    <option value="erdkunde">Erdkunde</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="sozialkunde">Sozialkunde</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'geschichte') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="wirtschaft">Wirtschaftskunde</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
-                    <option value="religion">Religion</option>
+                        if ($category === 'geschichte') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="ethik">Ethikunterricht</option>
+                    }
-                    <option value="philosophie">Philosophie</option>
+                    ?>>Geschichte</option>
-                    <option value="psychologie">Psychologie</option>
+                    <option value="erdkunde" <?php
-                    <option value="kunst">Kunst</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="musik">Musik</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'erdkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="theater">Theater</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'erdkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Erdkunde</option>
+                    <option value="sozialkunde" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'sozialkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'sozialkunde') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Sozialkunde</option>
+                    <option value="wirtschaft" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'wirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'wirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Wirtschaftskunde</option>
+                    <option value="religion" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'religion') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'religion') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Religion</option>
+                    <option value="ethik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'ethik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'ethik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Ethikunterricht</option>
+                    <option value="philosophie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'philosophie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'philosophie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Philosophie</option>
+                    <option value="psychologie" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'psychologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'psychologie') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Psychologie</option>
+                    <option value="kunst" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'kunst') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'kunst') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Kunst</option>
+                    <option value="musik" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'musik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'musik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Musik</option>
+                    <option value="theater" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'theater') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'theater') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Theater</option>
                 </optgroup>
 
                 <optgroup label="Technik & Praxis">
-                    <option value="technik">Technik</option>
+                    <option value="technik" <?php
-                    <option value="werken">Werken</option>
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
-                    <option value="hauswirtschaft">Hauswirtschaft</option>
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'technik') { echo 'selected'; }
-                    <option value="sport">Sport</option>
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'technik') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Technik</option>
+                    <option value="werken" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'werken') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'werken') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Werken</option>
+                    <option value="hauswirtschaft" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'hauswirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'hauswirtschaft') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Hauswirtschaft</option>
+                    <option value="sport" <?php
+                    if (isset($_SESSION['old_category']) && !empty($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                        if ($_SESSION['old_category'] === 'sport') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    } elseif (isset($category) && !empty($category)) {
+                        if ($category === 'sport') { echo 'selected'; }
+                    }
+                    ?>>Sport</option>
                 </optgroup>
+
+                <?php
+                if (isset($_SESSION['old_category'])) {
+                    unset($_SESSION['old_category']);
+                }
+                ?>
             </select>
         </div>
 

css/search-results.css

@@ -247,6 +247,17 @@ CSS für die Suchergebnis-Seite
     cursor: not-allowed;
 }
 
+.s-res-meta-row {
+    display: flex;
+    gap: 15px;
+    align-items: center;
+}
+
+.s-res-likes {
+    font-size: 0.9em;
+    color: #475569;
+}
+
 /* Responsive Anpassungen unter 760px (für z.B. Smartphones) */
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
     .s-res-layout-grid {

css/showArticle.css

@@ -147,3 +147,140 @@
         font-size: 1.85rem;
     }
 }
+
+/* --- KOMMENTARE --- */
+
+.article-comments-section {
+    margin-top: 3rem;
+    padding-top: 2rem;
+    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
+}
+
+.article-comments-section h2 {
+    font-size: 2rem;
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
+}
+
+#comments-list {
+    margin-bottom: 2rem;
+}
+
+.comment-item {
+    background-color: #f8fafc;
+    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
+    border-radius: 10px;
+    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
+    margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+#comment-form {
+    width: 100%;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 1rem;
+}
+
+#comment-content {
+    width: 100%;
+    min-height: 130px;
+    padding: 1rem;
+    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
+    border-radius: 8px;
+    font-size: 1rem;
+    font-family: inherit;
+    resize: vertical;
+}
+
+#comment-form .button {
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+.reply-button {
+    display: inline-block;
+    margin-top: 0.75rem;
+    background: none;
+    border: none;
+    color: #2563eb;
+    font-weight: 700;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    padding: 0;
+    font-size: 0.95rem;
+}
+
+.reply-button:hover {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.comment-replies {
+    margin-top: 1rem;
+    margin-left: 2rem;
+    padding-left: 1rem;
+    border-left: 3px solid #cbd5e1;
+}
+
+.comment-reply {
+    background-color: #eef6ff;
+    margin-top: 1rem;
+}
+
+.reply-info {
+    margin: 0.5rem 0;
+    color: #475569;
+    font-weight: 600;
+}
+.comment-login-hint {
+    margin-top: 2rem;
+    padding: 1.5rem;
+    background-color: #f8fafc;
+    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
+    border-radius: 10px;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+.comment-login-hint p {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+/*
+Like-Button etc.
+ */
+
+.category-and-likes-row {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    justify-content: space-between;
+    margin-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+.article-view-likes {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: 10px;
+    font-size: 0.95em;
+}
+
+.article-view-likes .like-count {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.article-view-likes .login-hint {
+    font-size: 0.8em;
+    color: #777;
+}
+
+/* Interaktiver Like/Unlike-Button */
+.like-toggle-btn {
+    text-decoration: none;
+    padding: 4px 10px;
+    border: 1px solid #bbb;
+    border-radius: 4px;
+    background-color: #f5f5f5;
+    color: #333;
+    font-weight: 500;
+    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.like-toggle-btn:hover {
+    background-color: #eaeaea;
+    border-color: #999;
+}

includes/alertMessages.php

@@ -63,6 +63,16 @@
         Dein Beitrag wurde erfolgreich veröffentlicht!
     </p>
 <?php endif; ?>
+<?php if (isset($_SESSION["message"]) && $_SESSION["message"] == "article_updated"): ?>
+    <p class="alert-message is-success">
+        Der Beitrag wurde erfolgreich bearbeitet und gespeichert.
+    </p>
+<?php endif; ?>
+<?php if (isset($_SESSION["message"]) && $_SESSION["message"] == "profile_updated"): ?>
+    <p class="alert-message is-success">
+        Das Profil wurde erfolgreich bearbeitet.
+    </p>
+<?php endif; ?>
 <?php if (isset($_SESSION["message"]) && $_SESSION["message"] == "image_upload_error"): ?>
     <p class="alert-message is-error">
         Das Bild konnte nicht hochgeladen werden. Bitte versuche es erneut oder verwende ein anderes Bildformat.

index.php

@@ -52,7 +52,10 @@ if ($pfad === "deleteAccount") {
         <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/showArticle.css">
         <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/message.css">
 
+        <script src="js/paginator.js" async></script>
+        <script src="js/comments.js" defer></script>
         <script src="js/editor.js" async></script>
+
         <title>EduForge</title>
     </head>
 

js/comments.js

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/**
+ * Initialisiert die Kommentarfunktion.
+ *
+ * Kommentare werden per AJAX gespeichert,
+ * ohne dass die Seite neu geladen werden muss.
+ */
+document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
+    const form = document.getElementById("comment-form");
+    const commentsList = document.getElementById("comments-list");
+    const commentContent = document.getElementById("comment-content");
+    const parentCommentInput = document.getElementById("parent-comment-id");
+    const replyInfo = document.getElementById("reply-info");
+
+    if (!form || !commentsList || !commentContent || !parentCommentInput || !replyInfo) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Aktiviert einen einzelnen Antworten-Button.
+     *
+     * @param {HTMLButtonElement} button Antworten-Button
+     */
+    function registerReplyButton(button) {
+        button.addEventListener("click", function () {
+            parentCommentInput.value = button.dataset.commentId;
+            replyInfo.textContent = "Antwort auf " + button.dataset.author;
+            replyInfo.style.display = "block";
+            commentContent.focus();
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registriert alle bereits vorhandenen Antwort-Buttons.
+     */
+    document.querySelectorAll(".reply-button").forEach(function (button) {
+        registerReplyButton(button);
+    });
+
+    /**
+     * Sendet Kommentare per AJAX an den Server.
+     */
+    form.addEventListener("submit", function (event) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+
+        const formData = new FormData(form);
+        const parentCommentId = parentCommentInput.value;
+
+        fetch("php/ajax/add-comment.php", {
+            method: "POST",
+            body: formData
+        })
+            .then(response => response.json())
+            .then(data => {
+                if (!data.success) {
+                    alert(data.message);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                const emptyMessage = commentsList.querySelector(".no-comments-message");
+
+                if (emptyMessage) {
+                    emptyMessage.remove();
+                }
+
+                const commentElement = document.createElement("div");
+                commentElement.classList.add("comment-item");
+
+                if (parentCommentId) {
+                    commentElement.classList.add("comment-reply");
+
+                    commentElement.innerHTML = `
+                        <p>
+                            <strong>${escapeHtml(data.author)}</strong>
+                            <span>${escapeHtml(data.created)}</span>
+                        </p>
+                        <p>${escapeHtml(data.content).replace(/\n/g, "<br>")}</p>
+                    `;
+
+                    const parentReplies = document.querySelector(
+                        `.comment-item[data-comment-id="${parentCommentId}"] .comment-replies`
+                    );
+
+                    if (parentReplies) {
+                        parentReplies.appendChild(commentElement);
+                    }
+
+                } else {
+                    commentElement.dataset.commentId = data.commentId;
+
+                    commentElement.innerHTML = `
+                        <p>
+                            <strong>${escapeHtml(data.author)}</strong>
+                            <span>${escapeHtml(data.created)}</span>
+                        </p>
+                        <p>${escapeHtml(data.content).replace(/\n/g, "<br>")}</p>
+
+                        <button type="button"
+                                class="reply-button"
+                                data-comment-id="${escapeHtml(data.commentId)}"
+                                data-author="${escapeHtml(data.author)}">
+                            Antworten
+                        </button>
+
+                        <div class="comment-replies"></div>
+                    `;
+
+                    commentsList.prepend(commentElement);
+
+                    const newReplyButton = commentElement.querySelector(".reply-button");
+
+                    if (newReplyButton) {
+                        registerReplyButton(newReplyButton);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                commentContent.value = "";
+                parentCommentInput.value = "";
+                replyInfo.textContent = "";
+                replyInfo.style.display = "none";
+            })
+            .catch(() => {
+                alert("Kommentar konnte nicht gesendet werden.");
+            });
+    });
+
+    /**
+     * Entfernt HTML-Sonderzeichen aus Nutzereingaben.
+     *
+     * @param {string} text Zu bereinigender Text
+     * @returns {string} Sicherer Text
+     */
+    function escapeHtml(text) {
+        const div = document.createElement("div");
+        div.textContent = text;
+        return div.innerHTML;
+    }
+});

js/paginator.js

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+function initPaginator() {
+    const form = document.getElementById('search-form-id');
+    const pageInput = document.getElementById('s-res-page-input');
+    const pageButtons = document.querySelectorAll('.s-res-page-navigation .s-res-page-btn');
+
+    pageButtons.forEach(button => {
+        button.addEventListener('click', function() {
+            if (this.disabled) return;
+
+            const targetPage = this.getAttribute('data-page');
+
+            if (targetPage && form && pageInput) {
+                pageInput.value = targetPage;
+                form.submit();
+            }
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+// ist das DOM bereits vollständig aufgebaut?
+if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+    // Falls noch geladen wird, auf das Event warten
+    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', initPaginator);
+} else {
+    // Falls das HTML bereits komplett da ist, sofort ausführen
+    initPaginator();
+}

php/ajax/add-comment.php

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<?php
+if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
+    session_start();
+}
+
+header("Content-Type: application/json");
+
+require_once "../model/CommentManager.php";
+
+if (!isset($_SESSION["user_email"])) {
+    echo json_encode([
+        "success" => false,
+        "message" => "Du musst angemeldet sein, um zu kommentieren."
+    ]);
+    exit();
+}
+
+$articleId = $_POST["article_id"] ?? null;
+$content = trim($_POST["content"] ?? "");
+$parentCommentId = $_POST["parent_comment_id"] ?? null;
+
+if ($parentCommentId === "" || $parentCommentId === "0") {
+    $parentCommentId = null;
+}
+
+if (empty($articleId) || empty($content)) {
+    echo json_encode([
+        "success" => false,
+        "message" => "Kommentar darf nicht leer sein."
+    ]);
+    exit();
+}
+
+try {
+    $commentManager = CommentManager::getInstance();
+
+    $commentId = $commentManager->addComment(
+        $articleId,
+        $_SESSION["user_email"],
+        $content,
+        $parentCommentId
+    );
+
+    echo json_encode([
+        "success" => true,
+        "commentId" => $commentId,
+        "author" => $_SESSION["user_email"],
+        "content" => $content,
+        "created" => date("Y-m-d H:i:s"),
+        "parentCommentId" => $parentCommentId
+    ]);
+
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo json_encode([
+        "success" => false,
+        "message" => "Kommentar konnte nicht gespeichert werden."
+    ]);
+}

php/controller/createArticle-controller.php

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ require_once '../model/LocalArticleManager.php';
 require_once '../model/ArticleManager.php';
 require_once '../validator/article-validator.php';
 
+if (!isset($_SESSION["user"])) {
+    header("Location: index.php?pfad=login");
+    exit();
+}
     if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
         $_SESSION["old_title"]    = $_POST["title"] ?? '';
         $_SESSION["old_content"]  = $_POST["content"] ?? '';

php/controller/deleteAccount-controller.php

@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
 require_once __DIR__ . "/../model/UserManager.php";
 require_once __DIR__ . "/../model/ArticleManager.php";
 
+if (!isset($_SESSION["user"])) {
+    header("Location: index.php?pfad=login");
+    exit();
+}
+
 /*
     Deregistrierung
     Funktion: Entfernt User aus der Datenbank und beendet die Session

php/controller/deleteArticle-controller.php

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@ if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
 
 require_once __DIR__ . "/../model/ArticleManager.php";
 
+if (!isset($_SESSION["user"])) {
+    header("Location: index.php?pfad=login");
+    exit();
+}
+
 if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
 
     if (isset($_SESSION["user_email"])) {

php/controller/home-controller.php

@@ -6,14 +6,44 @@ require_once 'php/model/Article.php';
 require_once 'php/model/ArticleManager.php';
 require_once 'php/model/LocalArticleManager.php';
 
+$categoriesWithArticles = [];
+
+$allowedCategories = [
+    'deutsch', 'englisch', 'franzoesisch', 'latein', 'literatur',
+    'mathe', 'biologie', 'chemie', 'physik', 'informatik', 'astronomie',
+    'geschichte', 'erdkunde', 'sozialkunde', 'wirtschaft', 'religion',
+    'ethik', 'philosophie', 'psychologie', 'kunst', 'musik', 'theater',
+    'technik', 'werken', 'hauswirtschaft', 'sport'
+];
+
 try {
     $articleManager = ArticleManager::getInstance();
-    // Beziehen der Dummy-Beiträge aus dem ArticleManager:
+
-    $dummy1 = $articleManager->getArticle(1);
+    foreach ($allowedCategories as $categorySlug) {
-    $dummy2 = $articleManager->getArticle(2);
+        $allCategoryArticles = $articleManager->getArticlesByCategory($categorySlug);
-    $dummy3 = $articleManager->getArticle(3);
+
+        // nur Kategorien, die Beiträge enthält:
+        if (!empty($allCategoryArticles) && is_array($allCategoryArticles)) {
+
+            // Beiträge nach Erstellungsdatum sortieren:
+            usort($allCategoryArticles, function($a, $b) {
+                $dateA = strtotime($a->getCreationDate());
+                $dateB = strtotime($b->getCreationDate());
+                return $dateB <=> $dateA; // Absteigende Sortierung
+            });
+
+            // auf die 5 zuletzt hinzugefügten Beiträge begrenzen:
+            $limitedArticles = array_slice($allCategoryArticles, 0, 5);
+
+            $categoriesWithArticles[] = [
+                'slug'     => $categorySlug,
+                'name'     => ucfirst($categorySlug), // Erster Buchstabe groß für die Ansicht
+                'articles' => $limitedArticles
+            ];
+        }
+    }
+
 } catch (Exception $e){
     $_SESSION["message"] = "internal_error";
-    echo "Fehler aufgetreten: " . $e->getMessage();
 }
 ?>

php/controller/like-controller.php

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
+    session_start();
+}
+
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../model/Article.php';
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../model/ArticleManager.php';
+
+// 2. Prüfen, ob eine gültige Artikel-ID übergeben wurde
+if (isset($_GET["id"]) && !empty($_GET["id"])) {
+    $articleId = intval($_GET["id"]);
+    $userEmail = $_SESSION["user_email"];
+
+    if (!isset($_SESSION["user_email"]) || empty($_SESSION["user_email"])) {
+        $_SESSION["message"] = "unauthorized_access";
+        header("Location: ../../index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=" . $articleId);
+        exit();
+    }
+
+    try {
+        $articleManager = ArticleManager::getInstance();
+        $articleManager->toggleLike($articleId, $userEmail);
+
+        header("Location: ../../index.php?pfad=showArticle&id=" . $articleId);
+        exit();
+
+    } catch (NotFoundException $e) {
+        $_SESSION["message"] = "missing_id";
+        header("Location: ../../index.php");
+        exit();
+    } catch (Exception $e) {
+        $_SESSION["message"] = "internal_error";
+        header("Location: ../../index.php");
+        exit();
+    }
+} else {
+    $_SESSION["message"] = "missing_id";
+    header("Location: ../../index.php");
+    exit();
+}
+
+?>

php/controller/profile-controller.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 require_once "php/model/UserManager.php";
 require_once "php/model/Article.php";
 require_once "php/model/ArticleManager.php";
+require_once "php/model/CommentManager.php";
 require_once "php/validator/user-validator.php";
 
 $error = null;
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ try {
                 $_SESSION["user"] = $vorname . " " . $nachname;
                 $_SESSION["user_email"] = $newEmail;
 
+                $_SESSION["message"] = "profile_updated";
                 header("Location: index.php?pfad=profile");
                 exit();
             } else {
@@ -76,6 +78,9 @@ try {
     $articleManager = ArticleManager::getInstance();
     $userArticles = $articleManager->getArticlesByAuthor($_SESSION["user_email"]);
 
+    $commentManager = CommentManager::getInstance();
+    $userComments = $commentManager->getCommentsByAuthor($_SESSION["user_email"]);
+
     if (!isset($userArticles)) {
         $_SESSION["message"] = "user_has_no_articles";
     }

php/controller/search-results-controller.php

@@ -25,18 +25,22 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "GET" && isset($_GET["q"])) {
 
             if ($sortStyle === 'alphabet') {
                 // Titel aufsteigend alphabetiisch sortiert
+                usort($results, function ($a, $b) {
+                    return strcasecmp($a->getTitle(), $b->getTitle());
+                });
+            } elseif ($sortStyle === 'likes') {
                 usort($results, function($a, $b) {
-                    return strcasecmp($a->title, $b->title);
+                    return $b->getLikeCount() <=> $a->getLikeCount();
                 });
             } elseif ($sortStyle === 'newest') {
                 // Datum neu zu alt sortiert
                 usort($results, function($a, $b) {
-                    return strcmp($b->creationDate, $a->creationDate);
+                    return strcmp($b->getCreationDate(), $a->getCreationDate());
                 });
             } elseif ($sortStyle === 'oldest') {
                 // Datum alt zu neu sortiert
                 usort($results, function($a, $b) {
-                    return strcmp($a->creationDate, $b->creationDate);
+                    return strcmp($a->getCreationDate(), $b->getCreationDate());
                 });
             }
 
@@ -44,13 +48,14 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "GET" && isset($_GET["q"])) {
             $safeArrayResults = [];
             foreach ($results as $obj) {
                 $safeArrayResults[] = [
-                    "id" => $obj->id,
+                    "id" => $obj->getId(),
-                    "title" => $obj->title,
+                    "title" => $obj->getTitle(),
-                    "content" => $obj->content,
+                    "content" => $obj->getContent(),
-                    "author" => $obj->author,
+                    "author" => $obj->getAuthor(),
-                    "category" => $obj->category,
+                    "category" => $obj->getCategory(),
-                    "tags" => $obj->tags,
+                    "tags" => $obj->getTags(),
-                    "creationDate" => $obj->creationDate
+                    "creationDate" => $obj->getCreationDate(),
+                    "likes" => $obj->getLikes(),
                 ];
             }
             
@@ -62,7 +67,11 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "GET" && isset($_GET["q"])) {
             $_SESSION["message"] = "internal_error";
         }
     }
-    header("Location: ../../index.php?pfad=search-results");
+
+    $sort  = $_GET['sort'] ?? 'alphabet';
+    $limit = isset($_GET['limit']) ? (int)$_GET['limit'] : 10;
+    $page  = isset($_GET['page']) ? (int)$_GET['page'] : 1;
+    header("Location: ../../index.php?pfad=search-results&q=" . urlencode($search) . "&sort=" . urlencode($sort) . "&limit=" . $limit . "&page=" . $page);
     exit();
     
 }

php/controller/showArticle-controller.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
 
 require_once 'php/model/Article.php';
 require_once 'php/model/ArticleManager.php';
+require_once 'php/model/CommentManager.php';
 
 if (isset($_GET["id"]) && !empty($_GET["id"])){
     try {
@@ -17,11 +18,25 @@ if (isset($_GET["id"]) && !empty($_GET["id"])){
             $category = $article->getCategory();
             $author = $article->getAuthor();
             $tags = $article->getTags();
+            $articleObj = $article; // Objekt für die Like-Abfagen sichern
         }else{
             //header("location: index.php?pfad=404");
             include_once "content/404.php";
             exit();
         }
+
+        $commentManager = CommentManager::getInstance();
+        $comments = $commentManager->getCommentsByArticle($_GET["id"]);
+
+        foreach ($comments as $comment) {
+            if ($comment->isReply()) {
+                $parentId = $comment->getParentCommentId();
+                $repliesByParent[$parentId][] = $comment;
+            } else {
+                $mainComments[] = $comment;
+            }
+        }
+
     } catch (Exception $e){
         $_SESSION["message"] = "internal_error";
         exit();

php/controller/updateArticle-controller.php

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ require_once '../model/ArticleManager.php';
 require_once '../model/Article.php';
 require_once '../validator/article-validator.php';
 
+if (!isset($_SESSION["user"])) {
+    header("Location: index.php?pfad=login");
+    exit();
+}
+
 if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
     $_SESSION["old_title"]    = $_POST["title"] ?? '';
     $_SESSION["old_content"]  = $_POST["content"] ?? '';
@@ -22,6 +27,20 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
         exit();
     }
 
+    try {
+        $articleManager = ArticleManager::getInstance();
+        $article = $articleManager->getArticle($id);
+        if ($article->getAuthor() != $_SESSION["user"]->getUsername()) {
+            $_SESSION["message"] = "unauthorized_access";
+            header("location: ../../index.php");
+            exit();
+        }
+    } catch (Exception $e) {
+        $_SESSION["message"] = $e->getMessage();
+        header("location: ../../index.php?pfad=updateArticle&id=$id");
+        exit();
+    }
+
     if (!isset($_POST["title"]) ||!isset($_POST["content"]) || !isset($_POST["category"])){
         $_SESSION["message"] = "missing_parameters";
         header("location: ../../index.php?pfad=updateArticle&id=$id");

php/model/Article.php

@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@
  */
 class Article
 {
-    public $id;
+    private $id;
-    public $title;
+    private $title;
-    public $content;
+    private $content;
-    public $author;
+    private $author;
-    public $creationDate;
+    private $creationDate;
-    public $category;
+    private $category;
-    public $tags;
+    private $tags;
+    private $likes;
 
     /**
      * Konstruktor
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ class Article
      * @param $tags string optionale Schlagworte für eine bessere Suche
      * @param $creationDate string Datum der Beitragserstellung
      */
-    public function __construct(int $id, string $title, string $content, string $author, string $category, string $tags, string $creationDate)
+    public function __construct(int $id, string $title, string $content, string $author, string $category, string $tags, string $creationDate, array $likes = [])
     {
         $this->id = $id;
         $this->title = $title;
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ class Article
         $this->creationDate = $creationDate;
         $this->category = $category;
         $this->tags = $tags;
+        $this->likes = $likes;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ class Article
 
     /**
      * Gibt den Content eines Beitrags zurück.
-     * TODO: Content muss noch definiert werden.
+     *
      * @return string
      */
     public function getContent(): string
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ class Article
 
     /**
      * Setzt den Content eines Beitrags.
-     * TODO: Content muss noch definiert werden.
+     *
      * @param $content
      * @return void
      */
@@ -141,7 +143,34 @@ class Article
         $this->tags = $tags;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gibt alle User-IDs zurück, die diesen Beitrag geliked haben.
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function getLikes(): array
+    {
+        return $this->likes;
+    }
 
+    /**
+     * Gibt die Gesamtzahl der Likes zurück.
+     * @return int
+     */
+    public function getLikeCount(): int
+    {
+        return count($this->likes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prüft, ob ein bestimmter Nutzer den Beitrag bereits geliked hat.
+     *
+     * @param string $userId
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function hasLiked(string $userId): bool
+    {
+        return in_array($userId, $this->likes);
+    }
 
 }
 ?>

php/model/ArticleManagerDAO.php

@@ -92,6 +92,18 @@ interface ArticleManagerDAO
      */
     public function getArticlesByCategory($category);
 
+    /**
+     * Registriert oder entfernt ein Like eines Nutzers für einen Beitrag.
+     * Wenn schon geliked -> Unlike
+     * Wenn noch nicht geliked -> Like
+     *
+     * @param int $articleId Die ID des Beitrags
+     * @param string $userId Die ID des Nutzers
+     * @return bool True wenn geliked, False wenn unliked
+     * @throws InternalServerErrorException
+     * @throws NotFoundException
+     */
+    public function toggleLike(int $articleId, string $userId): bool;
 
 }
 ?>

php/model/Comment.php

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * Repräsentiert einen Kommentar unter einem Beitrag.
+ *
+ * Ein Kommentar kann entweder ein Hauptkommentar sein
+ * oder eine Antwort auf einen anderen Kommentar.
+ *
+ * @author Caroline Schulte
+ */
+class Comment
+{
+    private int $id;
+    private int $articleId;
+    private ?int $parentCommentId;
+    private string $author;
+    private string $content;
+    private string $created;
+
+    /**
+     * Erstellt einen neuen Kommentar.
+     *
+     * @param int $id Eindeutige ID des Kommentars
+     * @param int $articleId ID des zugehörigen Beitrags
+     * @param int|null $parentCommentId ID des Eltern-Kommentars oder null
+     * @param string $author Autor des Kommentars
+     * @param string $content Inhalt des Kommentars
+     * @param string $created Erstellungsdatum des Kommentars
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        int $id,
+        int $articleId,
+        ?int $parentCommentId,
+        string $author,
+        string $content,
+        string $created
+    ) {
+        $this->id = $id;
+        $this->articleId = $articleId;
+        $this->parentCommentId = $parentCommentId;
+        $this->author = $author;
+        $this->content = $content;
+        $this->created = $created;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt die ID des Kommentars zurück.
+     *
+     * @return int Kommentar-ID
+     */
+    public function getId(): int
+    {
+        return $this->id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt die ID des zugehörigen Beitrags zurück.
+     *
+     * @return int Beitrags-ID
+     */
+    public function getArticleId(): int
+    {
+        return $this->articleId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt die ID des Eltern-Kommentars zurück.
+     *
+     * @return int|null ID des Eltern-Kommentars oder null
+     */
+    public function getParentCommentId(): ?int
+    {
+        return $this->parentCommentId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt zurück, ob der Kommentar eine Antwort ist.
+     *
+     * @return bool true wenn der Kommentar eine Antwort ist, sonst false
+     */
+    public function isReply(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->parentCommentId !== null && $this->parentCommentId !== 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt den Autor des Kommentars zurück.
+     *
+     * @return string Autor
+     */
+    public function getAuthor(): string
+    {
+        return $this->author;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt den Inhalt des Kommentars zurück.
+     *
+     * @return string Kommentarinhalt
+     */
+    public function getContent(): string
+    {
+        return $this->content;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt das Erstellungsdatum des Kommentars zurück.
+     *
+     * @return string Erstellungsdatum
+     */
+    public function getCreated(): string
+    {
+        return $this->created;
+    }
+}

php/model/CommentManager.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+
+require_once "DatabaseCommentManager.php";
+
+/**
+ * Zentrale Zugriffsschicht für Kommentare.
+ *
+ * Die Anwendung arbeitet ausschließlich
+ * mit dem CommentManager und kennt die
+ * konkrete Speicherimplementierung nicht.
+ *
+ * @author Caroline Schulte
+ */
+class CommentManager
+{
+    /**
+     * Gibt die aktive Kommentarverwaltung zurück.
+     *
+     * @return CommentManagerDAO
+     */
+    public static function getInstance()
+    {
+        return DatabaseCommentManager::getInstance();
+    }
+}

php/model/CommentManagerDAO.php

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?php
+
+require_once "Comment.php";
+
+/**
+ * Schnittstelle für die Verwaltung von Kommentaren.
+ *
+ * Definiert die grundlegenden Methoden zum
+ * Speichern und Laden von Kommentaren.
+ *
+ * @author Caroline Schulte
+ */
+interface CommentManagerDAO
+{
+    /**
+     * Speichert einen neuen Kommentar zu einem Beitrag.
+     *
+     * Optional kann eine parentCommentId übergeben werden,
+     * wenn der Kommentar eine Antwort auf einen anderen Kommentar ist.
+     *
+     * @param int $articleId ID des Beitrags
+     * @param string $author Autor des Kommentars
+     * @param string $content Inhalt des Kommentars
+     * @param int|null $parentCommentId ID des Eltern-Kommentars oder null
+     *
+     * @return int ID des neu gespeicherten Kommentars
+     */
+    public function addComment(
+        $articleId,
+        $author,
+        $content,
+        $parentCommentId = null
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt alle Kommentare eines Beitrags zurück.
+     *
+     * @param int $articleId ID des Beitrags
+     *
+     * @return Comment[] Liste der Kommentare
+     */
+    public function getCommentsByArticle(
+        $articleId
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt alle Kommentare eines Autors zurück.
+     *
+     * @param string $author E-Mail-Adresse des Autors
+     *
+     * @return Comment[] Liste der Kommentare
+     */
+    public function getCommentsByAuthor($author);
+}

php/model/DatabaseArticleManager.php

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
 
                 $db = $this->getConnection();
 
+                // Tabelle für Beiträge
                 $db->exec("
                     CREATE TABLE articles (
                         id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
@@ -33,6 +34,15 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                         tags TEXT,
                         created TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                     );");
+
+                // Tabelle für Likes
+                $db->exec("
+                CREATE TABLE likes (
+                    article_id INTEGER,
+                    user_id TEXT,
+                    PRIMARY KEY (article_id, user_id),
+                    FOREIGN KEY (article_id) REFERENCES articles(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+                );");
                 unset($db);
             } catch (PDOException $e) {
                 throw new InternalServerErrorException($e->getMessage());
@@ -189,6 +199,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             $row = $command->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
 
             if ($row) {
+                $likes = $this->getLikesForArticle(intval($row['id']));
+
                 return new Article(
                     intval($row['id']),
                     $row['title'],
@@ -196,7 +208,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $row['author'],
                     $row['category'],
                     $row['tags'],
-                    $row['created']
+                    $row['created'],
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
 
@@ -254,6 +267,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             $filteredArticles = [];
 
             foreach ($rows as $row) {
+                $likes = $this->getLikesForArticle(intval($row['id']));
+
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($row['id']),
                     $row['title'],
@@ -261,7 +276,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $row['author'],
                     $row['category'],
                     $row['tags'],
-                    $row['created']
+                    $row['created'],
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
 
@@ -287,6 +303,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             $filteredArticles = [];
 
             foreach ($rows as $row) {
+                $likes = $this->getLikesForArticle(intval($row['id']));
+
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($row['id']),
                     $row['title'],
@@ -294,7 +312,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $row['author'],
                     $row['category'],
                     $row['tags'],
-                    $row['created']
+                    $row['created'],
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
 
@@ -341,6 +360,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             $filteredArticles = [];
 
             foreach ($rows as $row) {
+                $likes = $this->getLikesForArticle(intval($row['id']));
+
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($row['id']),
                     $row['title'] ?? '',
@@ -348,7 +369,8 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $row['author'] ?? '',
                     $row['category'] ?? '',
                     $row['tags'] ?? '',
-                    $row['created'] ?? '' // Nutzt 'created' aus deiner DB-Struktur
+                    $row['created'] ?? '',
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
 
@@ -359,4 +381,69 @@ class DatabaseArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Holt alle User-IDs, die einen bestimmten Beitrag geliked haben.
+     *
+     * @return String[] UserIDs
+     * @throws InternalServerErrorException
+     */
+    private function getLikesForArticle(int $articleId): array
+    {
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+            $sql = "SELECT user_id FROM likes WHERE article_id = :article_id;";
+            $command = $db->prepare($sql);
+            $command->execute([':article_id' => $articleId]);
+
+            return $command->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) ?: [];
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            return [];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function toggleLike(int $articleId, string $userId): bool
+    {
+        // prüfen, ob der Artikel überhaupt existiert
+        $article = $this->getArticle($articleId);
+        if (!$article) {
+            throw new NotFoundException("missing_id");
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+
+            // prüfen, ob das Like bereits existiert
+            $checkSql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM likes WHERE article_id = :article_id AND user_id = :user_id;";
+            $checkCommand = $db->prepare($checkSql);
+            $checkCommand->execute([
+                ':article_id' => $articleId,
+                ':user_id'    => $userId
+            ]);
+
+            $hasLiked = (int)$checkCommand->fetchColumn() > 0;
+
+            if ($hasLiked) {
+                // wenn bereits geliked -> Unlike
+                $deleteSql = "DELETE FROM likes WHERE article_id = :article_id AND user_id = :user_id;";
+                $deleteCommand = $db->prepare($deleteSql);
+                $deleteCommand->execute([
+                    ':article_id' => $articleId,
+                    ':user_id'    => $userId
+                ]);
+                return false; // gibt false zurück, da der Beitrag jetzt nicht mehr geliked ist
+            } else {
+                // wenn noch nicht geliked -> Like
+                $insertSql = "INSERT INTO likes (article_id, user_id) VALUES (:article_id, :user_id);";
+                $insertCommand = $db->prepare($insertSql);
+                $insertCommand->execute([
+                    ':article_id' => $articleId,
+                    ':user_id'    => $userId
+                ]);
+                return true; // gibt true zurück, da der Beitrag jetzt geliked ist
+            }
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new InternalServerErrorException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
 }

php/model/DatabaseCommentManager.php

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+<?php
+
+require_once "CommentManagerDAO.php";
+require_once "Comment.php";
+
+/**
+ * Verwaltet die Speicherung und das Laden von Kommentaren
+ * über eine SQLite-Datenbank.
+ *
+ * @author Caroline Schulte
+ */
+class DatabaseCommentManager implements CommentManagerDAO
+{
+    private static $instance = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Erstellt die Kommentartabelle, falls diese noch nicht existiert.
+     */
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+
+            $db->exec("
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS comments (
+                    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+                    article_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+                    parent_comment_id INTEGER NULL,
+                    author TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    content TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    created TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+                );
+            ");
+
+            $columns = $db->query("PRAGMA table_info(comments);")->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+            $hasParentColumn = false;
+
+            foreach ($columns as $column) {
+                if ($column["name"] === "parent_comment_id") {
+                    $hasParentColumn = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!$hasParentColumn) {
+                $db->exec("ALTER TABLE comments ADD COLUMN parent_comment_id INTEGER NULL;");
+            }
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Baut die Verbindung zur SQLite-Datenbank auf.
+     *
+     * @return PDO Datenbankverbindung
+     */
+    private function getConnection()
+    {
+        try {
+            $dsn = 'sqlite:' . __DIR__ . '/../../db/comments.db';
+
+            $db = new PDO($dsn, null, null);
+            $db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
+
+            return $db;
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gibt die Singleton-Instanz zurück.
+     *
+     * @return DatabaseCommentManager
+     */
+    public static function getInstance()
+    {
+        if (self::$instance === null) {
+            self::$instance = new DatabaseCommentManager();
+        }
+
+        return self::$instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Speichert einen neuen Kommentar oder eine Antwort.
+     *
+     * @param int $articleId ID des Beitrags
+     * @param string $author Autor des Kommentars
+     * @param string $content Inhalt des Kommentars
+     * @param int|null $parentCommentId ID des Eltern-Kommentars oder null
+     *
+     * @return int ID des neu gespeicherten Kommentars
+     */
+    public function addComment(
+        $articleId,
+        $author,
+        $content,
+        $parentCommentId = null
+    ) {
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+
+            if ($parentCommentId === "" || $parentCommentId === 0 || $parentCommentId === "0") {
+                $parentCommentId = null;
+            }
+
+            $sql = "
+                INSERT INTO comments (
+                    article_id,
+                    parent_comment_id,
+                    author,
+                    content
+                )
+                VALUES (
+                    :articleId,
+                    :parentCommentId,
+                    :author,
+                    :content
+                )
+            ";
+
+            $command = $db->prepare($sql);
+
+            $command->execute([
+                ":articleId" => $articleId,
+                ":parentCommentId" => $parentCommentId,
+                ":author" => $author,
+                ":content" => $content
+            ]);
+
+            return intval($db->lastInsertId());
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lädt alle Kommentare eines Beitrags.
+     *
+     * @param int $articleId ID des Beitrags
+     *
+     * @return Comment[]
+     */
+    public function getCommentsByArticle($articleId)
+    {
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+
+            $sql = "
+                SELECT
+                    id,
+                    article_id,
+                    CASE
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id IS NULL THEN NULL
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id = '' THEN NULL
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id = 0 THEN NULL
+                        ELSE parent_comment_id
+                    END AS parent_comment_id,
+                    author,
+                    content,
+                    created
+                FROM comments
+                WHERE article_id = :articleId
+                ORDER BY created ASC
+            ";
+
+            $command = $db->prepare($sql);
+            $command->execute([":articleId" => $articleId]);
+
+            return $this->mapRowsToComments($command);
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lädt alle Kommentare eines Autors.
+     *
+     * @param string $author E-Mail-Adresse des Autors
+     *
+     * @return Comment[]
+     */
+    public function getCommentsByAuthor($author)
+    {
+        try {
+            $db = $this->getConnection();
+
+            $sql = "
+                SELECT
+                    id,
+                    article_id,
+                    CASE
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id IS NULL THEN NULL
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id = '' THEN NULL
+                        WHEN parent_comment_id = 0 THEN NULL
+                        ELSE parent_comment_id
+                    END AS parent_comment_id,
+                    author,
+                    content,
+                    created
+                FROM comments
+                WHERE author = :author
+                ORDER BY created DESC
+            ";
+
+            $command = $db->prepare($sql);
+            $command->execute([":author" => $author]);
+
+            return $this->mapRowsToComments($command);
+
+        } catch (PDOException $e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("internal_error");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wandelt Datenbankzeilen in Comment-Objekte um.
+     *
+     * @param PDOStatement $command Ausgeführtes Statement
+     *
+     * @return Comment[]
+     */
+    private function mapRowsToComments($command)
+    {
+        $comments = [];
+
+        while ($row = $command->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
+            $parentCommentId = null;
+
+            if (
+                isset($row["parent_comment_id"])
+                && $row["parent_comment_id"] !== null
+                && $row["parent_comment_id"] !== ""
+                && intval($row["parent_comment_id"]) !== 0
+            ) {
+                $parentCommentId = intval($row["parent_comment_id"]);
+            }
+
+            $comments[] = new Comment(
+                intval($row["id"]),
+                intval($row["article_id"]),
+                $parentCommentId,
+                $row["author"],
+                $row["content"],
+                $row["created"]
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $comments;
+    }
+}

php/model/LocalArticleManager.php

@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             "author" => $author,
             "category" => $category,
             "tags" => $tags,
-            "creationDate" => date("Y-m-d H:i:s")
+            "creationDate" => date("Y-m-d H:i:s"),
+            "likes" => []
         ];
 
         $this->saveArticle($articles);
@@ -92,7 +93,8 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     "author" => $author,
                     "category" => $article->getCategory(),
                     "tags" => $article->getTags(),
-                    "creationDate" => $article->getCreationDate()
+                    "creationDate" => $article->getCreationDate(),
+                    "likes" => $storedArticle['likes'] ?? []
                 ];
                 $updated = true;
                 break;
@@ -142,7 +144,17 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
 
         foreach ($articles as $article) {
             if (isset($article['id']) && $article['id'] == $id) {
-                return new Article(intval($article['id']), $article['title'], $article['content'], $article['author'], $article['category'], $article['tags'], $article['creationDate']);
+                $likes = isset($article['likes']) && is_array($article['likes']) ? $article['likes'] : [];
+                return new Article(
+                    intval($article['id']),
+                    $article['title'],
+                    $article['content'],
+                    $article['author'],
+                    $article['category'],
+                    $article['tags'],
+                    $article['creationDate'],
+                    $likes
+                    );
             }
         }
 
@@ -168,6 +180,7 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
 
         foreach ($articles as $article) {
             if (isset($article['author']) && $article['author'] == $author) {
+                $likes = isset($article['likes']) && is_array($article['likes']) ? $article['likes'] : [];
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($article['id']),
                     $article['title'],
@@ -175,7 +188,8 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $article['author'],
                     $article['category'],
                     $article['tags'],
-                    $article['creationDate']
+                    $article['creationDate'],
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
         }
@@ -201,6 +215,7 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
             if (($cleanKeyword !== '' && strpos($title, $cleanKeyword) !== false) ||
                 ($cleanKeyword !== '' && strpos($content, $cleanKeyword) !== false)) {
 
+                $likes = isset($article['likes']) && is_array($article['likes']) ? $article['likes'] : [];
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($article['id'] ?? 0),
                     $article['title'] ?? '',
@@ -208,7 +223,8 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $article['author'] ?? '',
                     $article['category'] ?? '',
                     $article['tags'] ?? '',
-                    $article['creationDate'] ?? ''
+                    $article['creationDate'] ?? '',
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
         }
@@ -223,6 +239,7 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
 
         foreach ($articles as $article) {
             if (isset($article['category']) && $article['category'] == $category) {
+                $likes = isset($article['likes']) && is_array($article['likes']) ? $article['likes'] : [];
                 $filteredArticles[] = new Article(
                     intval($article['id']),
                     $article['title'],
@@ -230,12 +247,53 @@ class LocalArticleManager implements ArticleManagerDAO {
                     $article['author'],
                     $article['category'],
                     $article['tags'],
-                    $article['creationDate']
+                    $article['creationDate'],
+                    $likes
                 );
             }
         }
         return $filteredArticles;
     }
 
+    public function toggleLike(int $articleId, string $userId): bool
+    {
+        $articles = $this->getAllArticles();
+        $articleFound = false;
+        $isLikedNow = false;
+
+        foreach ($articles as $index => $article) {
+            if (isset($article['id']) && $article['id'] == $articleId) {
+                $articleFound = true;
+
+                // Likes-Array initialisieren, falls nicht vorhanden
+                if (!isset($articles[$index]['likes']) || !is_array($articles[$index]['likes'])) {
+                    $articles[$index]['likes'] = [];
+                }
+
+                $likeIndex = array_search($userId, $articles[$index]['likes']);
+
+                if ($likeIndex !== false) {
+                    // Bereits geliked -> Unlike
+                    unset($articles[$index]['likes'][$likeIndex]);
+                    // Array-Keys neu indizieren, damit JSON sauber bleibt
+                    $articles[$index]['likes'] = array_values($articles[$index]['likes']);
+                    $isLikedNow = false;
+                } else {
+                    // Noch nicht geliked -> Like (User-ID hinzufügen)
+                    $articles[$index]['likes'][] = $userId;
+                    $isLikedNow = true;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!$articleFound) {
+            throw new NotFoundException("missing_id");
+        }
+
+        $this->saveArticle($articles);
+        return $isLikedNow;
+    }
+
 }
 ?>